Discuss information processing approach to cognitive development.
information processing approach to cognitive development.
Cognitive psychology is a discipline within psychology that investigates the internal
mental processes of thought such as visual processing, memory, thinking, learning,
feeling, problem solving, and language. The term “cognition” refers to all processes
by which the sensory input is transformed, reduced, elaborated, stored, recovered,
and used. It is concerned with these processes even when they operate in the
absence of relevant stimulation, as in images and hallucinations.
Cognitive psychology is radically different from previous psychological approaches
in two key ways. It accepts the use of the scientific method, and generally rejects
introspection as a valid method of investigation, unlike symbol-driven approaches
such as Freudian psychology. It explicitly acknowledges the existence of internal
mental states (such as belief, desire and motivation) unlike behaviourist psychology.
Critics hold that the empiricism of cognitive psychology combined with the acceptance
of internal mental states by cognitive psychology is contradictory
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There is a fixed structure that the information processing theory follows, and it is
divided into the following four parts:
The store model – This is a breakdown of the model which states that the
information that has been received can be stored in any of the processing units,
or the channels through which it passes. These channels are the sensory register,
short-term memory and long-term memory.
The sensory register – This is that part of the mental processing unit that
receives all information and then stores it temporarily or permanently.
Short-term memory – That part of the sensory register where the information
is stored temporarily. Once the decision has been made regarding the information,
the information will either be discarded or transferred to the long-term memory.
Long-term memory – The part where all the information is permanently stored.
It can be retrieved later as and when the need arises
